În ciuda relaxării unora dintre măsurile impuse de autorități pentru a preveni răspândirea pandemiei de Covid-19, dar și a numărului mare de persoane vaccinate, pandemia este departe de a se fi încheiat. O relevă și ultimele date furnizate de Institutul Național de Sănătate Publică (INSP), potrivit cărora noua tulpină SARS-CoV-2 din Marea Britanie, cunoscută ca fiind mai contagioasă, circulă deja în jumătate dintre județele țării, existând posibilitatea ca aceasta să devină tulpina dominantă în viitorul apropiat.

 

Cele mai multe cazuri de infectare cu varianta britanică a COVID-19 se găsesc în Capitală (80 de cazuri), Timiș (11 cazuri) și Ilfov (5 cazuri). Dintre acestea, trei cazuri sunt înregistrate în rândul copiilor. Îngrijorător este, de asemenea, și faptul că, în cazul a peste jumătate dintre cazurile confirmate cu varianta B.1.1.7, nu a fost identificată „legătura epidemiologică”. Cu alte cuvinte, nu se știe până în prezent de unde au luat virusul persoanele infectate și asta deoarece călătoria în Regatul Unit al Marii Britanii și Irlandei de Nord a fost menționată pentru numai 5 cazuri (4%).

Potrivit sursei citate, până în prezent, în anul 2021 au fost comunicate la CNSCBT 499 secvențieri finalizate în săptămânile 53/2020-07/2021, respectiv până la data de 21 februarie 2021 inclusiv, dintre care 136 au fost confirmate cu VOC 202012/01 (linia genetică B.1.1.7). Aceasta corespunde unei rate de confirmare de 27,3%”, se araă în raportul săptămânal al INSP. 
 
Același raport mai spune și că, până la data menționată nu au fost detectate alte variante ale SARS-CoV-2 care să determine îngrijorare.
 
Rezultatele secvențierilor menționate mai sus au fost comunicate de 4 laboratoare de testare din țară. 
 
Cele 136 de cazuri confirmate până acum oficial în România cu varianta B.1.1.7 (cunoscută ca noua tulpină din Marea Britanie) au provenit din următoarele județe: Argeș (2 cazuri), București (80), Bihor (1), Brăila (1), Botoșani (4), Caraș-Severin (2), Cluj (9), Constanța (1), Covasna (1), Galați (2), Giurgiu (1), Gorj (2), Hunedoara (1), Ilfov (5), Mureș (1), Prahova (1), Suceava (5), Timiș (11), Vâlcea (4), Vrancea (1), Vaslui (1).

Faptul că pentru jumătate dintre județe, provenind din toate regiunile țării, există evidențe de existență a cazurilor confirmate cu varianta B.1.1.7, denotă o răspândire extinsă și o probabilitate mare de a cuprinde întreg teritoriul țării în viitorul apropiat, mai arată raportul INSP.

Cele mai multe cazuri de infectare cu noua tulpină s-au înregistrat la grupa de vârstă 45-54 ani. Marea majoritate a cazurilor (95,6%) au avut vârsta mai mare de 25 de ani. Totodată, au fost înregistrate două cazuri cu vârsta sub un an, ambii copii provenind din focare familiale de COVID-19.

Referitor la distribuția pe grupe de vârstă și sexe, se observă un număr evident mai mare de cazuri la sexul masculin la 55-64 de ani, respectiv la sexul feminin la 25-34 de ani. Prin aceasta nu se poate concluziona că varianta B.1.1.7 este mai frecventă la bărbații din grupa de vârstă 55-64 de ani, respectiv la femeile din grupa de vârstă 25-34 de ani, ci doar că acestea sunt datele valabile pentru grupul de cazuri analizat, cazuri care nu provin dintr-un screening sistematic.

 
Semnalul de alarmă este dat de faptul că, în urma anchetelor epidemiologice realizate, direcțiile de sănătate publică județene și a municipiului București (DSP) nu au menționat nicio legătură epidemiologică identificată pentru 77 de cazuri (57%).
Și mai îngrijorător este faptul că deplasarea în Regatul Unit al Marii Britanii și Irlandei de Nord a fost menționată pentru numai 5 cazuri (4%). Patruzeci și nouă de cazuri (36%) au avut contact cu cazuri confirmate cu noua variantă B.1.1.7 și au fost parte componentă a unor focare familiale sau de colectivitate. Un caz a fost încadrat ca infecție asociată asistenței medicale (IAAM), locul probabil al transmiterii fiind spitalul.

Pentru 2 cazuri contactul probabil a avut loc în familie, respectiv la locul de muncă (sursa probabilă nu fusese investigată prin secvențiere).

 
De la 2 cazuri nu au putut fi obținute informații din cauza refuzului, respectiv a imposibilității contactării telefonice a persoanei.
 
Proporția cea mai mare fiind a cazurilor la care nu a putut fi identificată nicio legătură epidemiologică, acest fapt denotă circulația deja intensă a variantei B.1.1.7 a SARS-CoV-2 în comunitate. 
 
În concluziile prezentate de raportul INSP se arată clar faptul că „sunt necesare eforturi conjugate pentru realizarea secvențierilor și comunicarea rezultatelor la DSP și CNSCBT cât mai curând după finalizarea investigațiilor de laborator, în vederea realizării rapide a anchetelor epidemiologice și a instituirii măsurilor necesare față de cazuri și contacți, având în vedere transmisibilitea crescută a acestei variante și, conform ultimelor evidențe sosite dn UK, severitatea mai mare a bolii pe care o generează la vârstnici”.
 
Întregul raport poate fi consultat AICI.

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37 COMENTARII

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